Can solar energy be used underwater?

In principle, underwater solar-energy generation can complement the use of batteries and provide a solution, although dedicated research is needed since traditional silicon solar cells do not perform well underwater due to water’s strong absorption of near-infrared light.

How efficient are underwater solar cells?

To understand how efficient underwater solar cells can be and what band gaps are optimum in deep waters, we combined oceanographic data with detailed balance calculations to show that solar cells can harvest useful power at water depths down to 50 m with very high efficiencies.

Can solar cells power underwater systems?

Most attempts to use solar cells to power underwater systems have had limited success due to the use of silicon, which has a relatively narrow band gap and absorbs ultraviolet (UV), visible, and infrared (IR) light.

Are solar cells a viable energy source for underwater power generation?

One of the most promising demonstrated technologies for onboard underwater power generation is solar cells. Solar energy is a consistent source of energy above the ocean surface, but also a surprisingly abundant and consistent source of energy below the ocean surface 9.

Could solar cells be used to power underwater sensors and communication devices?

Although it may seem counterintuitive, solar cells could be used to power fixed underwater sensors and communication devices, and could be combined with other means of power generation, such as OTEC, to endow AUVs and ROUVs with long-range operation capabilities, and true autonomy for AUVs.

Can solar cells be used in cold water?

We show that in the Earth’s clearest natural waters, solar cells can harvest useful power from the sun at depths down to 50 m below sea level with efficiencies ranging from ∼ 55% at 2 m to more than 63% at 50 m. An additional boost in efficiency can be achieved when the solar cells are operated in cold waters.