Do energy storage technologies drive innovation?

Throughout this concise review, we examine energy storage technologies role in driving innovation in mechanical, electrical, chemical, and thermal systems with a focus on their methods, objectives, novelties, and major findings. As a result of a comprehensive analysis, this report identifies gaps and proposes strategies to address them.

What are energy storage technologies?

Energy storage technologies have the potential to reduce energy waste, ensure reliable energy access, and build a more balanced energy system. Over the last few decades, advancements in efficiency, cost, and capacity have made electrical and mechanical energy storage devices more affordable and accessible.

What is a low recoverable energy storage density?

However, the low recoverable energy storage density (Wrec generally <4 J cm −3) greatly limits the application fields of ceramic capacitors and their development toward device miniaturization and intelligence.

What are energy storage systems?

To meet these gaps and maintain a balance between electricity production and demand, energy storage systems (ESSs) are considered to be the most practical and efficient solutions. ESSs are designed to convert and store electrical energy from various sales and recovery needs [, , ].

What are the different types of energy storage technologies?

Energy storage technologies can be classified according to storage duration, response time, and performance objective. However, the most commonly used ESSs are divided into mechanical, chemical, electrical, and thermochemical energy storage systems according to the form of energy stored in the reservoir (Fig. 3) [, , , ].

How can rare-earth-metal based materials improve storage capacity?

By combining the rare-earth-metal-based material with other components, such as metal hydrides, carbon nanostructures, or metal–organic frameworks, synergistic effects can be achieved, leading to enhanced storage capacity, kinetics, and thermodynamics .